A sexually transmitted disease is an infection passed from one person to another through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Some can also spread through blood or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.

What are the most common STDs?

The most common STDs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes, hepatitis B and C, and HIV/AIDS.

What symptoms should I look for?

Possible symptoms include pain or burning when urinating, unusual genital discharge, sores, blisters, or rash in the genital area, lower abdominal or pelvic pain, and fever or fatigue. Many STDs can be present without symptoms.

How are STDs diagnosed?

Diagnosis may involve blood tests, urine tests, or swabs from the genital area or throat.

Some STDs, such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, can be cured with antibiotics. Others, like herpes and HIV, cannot be cured but can be managed effectively with medication.

How can I prevent an STD?

Prevention steps include using condoms every time you have sex, getting regular STD screenings, having a mutually monogamous relationship with an uninfected partner, and avoiding needle sharing.

What should I do if I think I have an STD?

Seek medical attention promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment protect your health and help prevent spreading the infection to others.

Bladder Cancer

Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Bladder cancer is one of the most common urologic cancers, especially in older adults and smokers. At our urology clinic in Tbilisi, we provide expert diagnosis and treatment for bladder cancer, following the latest international guidelines.

What Is Bladder Cancer?

Bladder cancer starts in the inner lining of the bladder and may grow deeper into the bladder wall over time. Most cases are transitional cell carcinoma (urothelial cancer).

Who Is at Risk?

Men over age 55
Smokers (tobacco is the leading risk factor)
Workers exposed to industrial chemicals (e.g., dyes, rubber, leather)
Patients with chronic bladder inflammation or infections
Family history of bladder cancer

Warning Signs and Symptoms

Blood in urine (hematuria) – the most common and often painless symptom
Frequent urination
Burning sensation during urination
Urgency or difficulty urinating
Pelvic pain or lower back pain (advanced cases)

Diagnosis

We offer complete bladder cancer work-up:

Urinalysis and urine cytology
Cystoscopy – a camera-based examination of the bladder
Bladder biopsy – often performed during cystoscopy
CT urography or MRI – to assess tumor size and spread

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on cancer stage, grade, and whether it's non-invasive or invasive:

TURBT (Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor) – standard first-line procedure
Intravesical therapy (e.g., BCG or Mitomycin) – for non-muscle-invasive cancer
Radical cystectomy (bladder removal) – for advanced or recurrent tumors
Chemotherapy or immunotherapy – in advanced stages or as adjuvant treatment

We offer ongoing surveillance and follow-up plans for recurrent bladder cancer, which is common.

📞 Book a urology consultation in Tbilisi today: +995598257727. Early detection can save your bladder and your life.